28AA Extensive Human
Thymosin Alpha-1
Approved immune conductor — thymus-derived 28AA peptide with 35+ country approvals and 11,000+ human trial subjects for hepatitis, cancer adjunct, and immunomodulation.
In Plain English: Thymosin Alpha-1 is a naturally occurring 28-amino acid peptide from the thymus gland. It acts as a master regulator of the immune system — teaching immature immune cells to mature, helping fight infections and cancer more precisely, and dialling down dangerous immune overreactions. Used clinically as Zadaxin for decades, primarily for hepatitis B and C.
Research Maturity
Extensive Human (858 PubMed papers on thymosin alpha 1; 30+ RCTs across 11,000+ subjects+ Studies)
Quick Facts
Focus
Adjunct Oncology
Immunity
Infection Support
Route
Intramuscular
SubQ
Origin
First isolated from bovine thymic tissue by Allan Goldstein's lab at George Washington University in the 1970s. Identified as the most immunologically active component of thymosin fraction 5. Commercialised as Zadaxin (thymalfasin) with approval in 35+ countries since the 1990s.
Mechanism
Dual agonist of TLR2 and TLR9 on dendritic cells. TLR2 drives myeloid DC maturation via NF-kB/p38 MAPK producing IL-12 and Th1 cytokines. TLR9 triggers plasmacytoid DC IFN cascade via IRF3/IRF7. Simultaneously activates IDO tolerogenic pathway preventing autoimmune hyperactivation. Downstream: CD4+/CD8+ T cell maturation, NK cell activation, IL-2 and IL-10 upregulation.
Outcome
40% complete virological response in chronic HBV (vs 9% controls); 65% SVR in HCV with interferon (vs 29%); 3x melanoma response rate with dacarbazine; reduced chemo-induced lymphopenia in NSCLC; improved OS in post-surgical HCC. COVID-19 retrospective data showed reduced mortality in severe cases.
Safety Flags & Warnings
Injection Site Reactions
Contraindicated in Organ Transplant
Active Autoimmune Flare Caution
No Dose-Limiting Toxicity
US: Compounding Pharmacy Only
Always consult a licensed physician. Research purposes only.
€8.0 / mg
